As energy and AI links grow, new IEA observatory provides latest data and analysis
As
artificial intelligence boosts global electricity demand from data centres and
increasingly transforms how the energy sector works, the IEA has launched a
new Energy and AI Observatory to closely monitor and analyse the
interconnections between the energy sector and this fast-evolving technology.
The
Observatory includes new interactive tools to explore data centre electricity
consumption and digital infrastructure by region, helping visualise these
valuable datasets and ensure they are accessible to a wide range of
stakeholders. It also features 20 case studies that show how AI is being
deployed across the energy sector, following a public call for submissions that
showcase current best practices.
Its
release follows the publication in April of a groundbreaking IEA special
report, Energy and AI, which offers the most comprehensive global
analysis on this topic to date. Drawing on new datasets and extensive
consultation with policy makers, the tech sector, the energy industry and
international experts, it finds that the impact of AI on the energy landscape
could be transformative: Electricity demand from AI-optimised data centres is
projected to more than quadruple by 2030; at the same time, AI is already being
deployed in the energy industry, unlocking opportunities to cut costs, enhance
competitiveness and reduce emissions.
The
Observatory was first announced by IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol
at the AI Action Summit hosted by French President Emmanuel Macron and Indian
Prime Minister Narendra Modi in February 2025. It aims to inform national and
international policymaking on energy and AI topics, including ongoing dialogues
between government and industry organised by Canada’s G7 Presidency.
“The
IEA is at the forefront of efforts to understand and manage the significant
links between energy and artificial intelligence, which is quickly emerging as
one of the most important technologies of our time,” Dr Birol said today.
“Building on our recent major report on this subject, this new Energy and AI
Observatory – developed in consultation with a wide range of partners –
underscores our commitment to supporting decision makers around the world as
they plan for the future. Reliable data and analysis are the cornerstone of
navigating this fast-moving space.”
The
case studies in the Observatory highlight a wide range of AI applications
currently in use by energy producers and consumers around the world. For
example, schools in Stockholm, Sweden, and a major campus in Pune, India, are
reducing energy use by leveraging AI to optimise heating, ventilation and
cooling systems, while steel and cement plants in Czechia, Spain and United
States are utilising AI to make gas consumption more efficient and increase the
use of waste heat.
The
Observatory is part of the IEA’s expanding work on the linkages between energy
and AI. In December 2024, the Agency also hosted the Global Conference on
Energy and AI, the largest conference on this topic to date. It will continue
to convene leaders and produce new analysis on this critical subject.
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