Optimization pathways for a four-tube digital positron lifetime spectrometer

 




Abstract

The count rate and timing resolution are paramount in positron annihilation lifetime spectrometer (PALS), dictating their ability to discern fine-scale material properties. We introduce a compact 4-tube PALS configuration that enhances the standard measurement process by capturing 12 spectra simultaneously, reducing measurement times and enabling the observation of rapid material dynamics such as fast kinetics of precipitations in Al-alloys. 

Our approach allows for the effective decomposition of 12 spectra collected within 2 minutes with a time resolution of 141 ps and a count rate of 2000 cps. This improved counting rate of the 4-tube PALS system is further complemented by comprehensive tests, aiming at optimizing both digitizer-related and scintillator/photomultiplier tube (PMT) parameters, offering a strategic contribution to improving PALS capabilities for the positron community. Within these tests, we employed, in addition to the 4-tube setup, a 2-tube dPALS, which is still usable by positron researchers. 

The study’s exploration into digitizer parameters such as bandwidth filter, vertical resolution, sampling rate, and constant fraction discriminator (CFD) level indicates that bandwidth alterations do not influence temporal resolution. Utilizing a 10-bit digitizer, we achieved a remarkable enhancement in full width at half maximum (FWHM) by approximately 30 ps compared to an 8-bit system. By setting the sampling rate at 2 GS/s, we attained a minimal FWHM of 124 ps with a 25% CFD level, highlighting a new benchmark for the field. 

Our comparative assessments have revealed that a fast EJ232Q truncated conical scintillator of 20 cm3 volume surpasses a cylindrically shaped scintillator of the same material in timing resolution, demonstrating a significant advance in spectrometer design.

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